Problem
People often give inaccurate answers about what they might do.
Action
Ask customers how they currently handle the problem and what they have already done.
Outcome
You get more reliable information about their needs.
Chapter: The Mom Test
Problem
Positive feedback can hide a lack of real interest.
Action
Look for evidence such as actions, spending, and existing habits.
Outcome
You make decisions using better customer data.
Chapter: Avoiding bad data
Problem
Many problems are not important enough to solve.
Action
Ask which problems cost customers the most time, money, or effort.
Outcome
You identify higher-value opportunities.
Chapter: Asking important questions
Problem
Leading conversations can prevent customers from sharing useful details.
Action
Keep discussions relaxed and encourage customers to tell their own stories.
Outcome
You uncover deeper insights about their situation.
Chapter: Keeping it casual
Problem
Verbal interest does not prove willingness to act.
Action
Look for actions that require customers to invest time, money, or effort.
Outcome
You identify genuine demand more accurately.
Chapter: Commitment and advancement
Problem
Limited customer contact slows learning.
Action
Regularly reach out to people who experience the problem you want to solve.
Outcome
You gather useful feedback more quickly.
Chapter: Finding conversations
Problem
Feedback from weakly affected customers can be misleading.
Action
Focus on people who already struggle significantly with the problem.
Outcome
You receive clearer signals about customer demand.
Chapter: Choosing your customers
Problem
Customer interviews lose value when they do not lead to action.
Action
Record what you learned and define a specific follow-up action after each conversation.
Outcome
You improve decisions through a repeatable learning process.
Chapter: Running the process