Source: MCRP 3-20F.9 Low Altitude Air Defense (LAAD) Gunner’s Handbook

1. Fundamentals
   1. Maneuver Warfare
   2. Low Altitude Air Defense Mission
   3. Organization
   4. Command and Control
   5. Command and Support Relationships
      1. General Support
      2. Direct Support
      3. Assignment and Attachment
      4. Considerations
      5. Other Authorities
2. Weapons Systems
   1. Stinger Weapon System
      1. Missile Components
      2. Stinger Weapon Round
      3. Transportation Containers
      4. Stinger Handling Procedures
      5. Weapons Checks
      6. Missile Firing Procedures
      7. Post Firing Procedures
      8. Stinger Hang Fire, Misfire, and Dud Procedures
      9. Destroying the Stinger Missile
      10. Safety Distances
      11. Nature of Infrared Radiation
      12. Atmospheric Conditions
   2. Advanced Man-Portable Air Defense System
   3. Medium Machine Gun, 7.62mm, M240B (Crew-Served Weapon)
      1. Mounting the Weapon
      2. Changing the Barrel
      3. Defining a Hot Barrel
      4. Stoppages and Malfunctions
      5. Ammunition
   4. Heavy Machine Gun, .50 cal, M2 (Crew-Served Weapon)
      1. Mounting the Weapon
      2. Headspace and Timing
      3. Stoppages and Malfunctions
      4. Ammunition
3. Employment
   1. Air Defense Priorities
   2. Air Threats Facing the Marine Air-Ground Task Force
      1. Fixed-Wing Attacks
      2. Helicopter Attacks
   3. Air Defense Employment Principles
      1. Mass
      2. Mix
      3. Mobility
      4. Integration
   4. Low Altitude Air Defense Employment Guidelines
      1. Balanced Fires
      2. Early Engagement
      3. Weighted Coverage
      4. Mutual Support
      5. Defense in Depth
      6. Overlapping Fires
   5. Considerations for Low Altitude Air Defense Team Positions
      1. Observation and Fields of Fire
      2. Accessibility
      3. Security from Ground Attack
   6. Low Altitude Air Defense Team Tactical Positions
      1. Primary Position
      2. Alternate Position
      3. Initial Tasks
   7. Alerting and Cueing
      1. Cartesian Coordinate Grid
      2. Polar Coordinate Reference
      3. Polar Grid
   8. Visual Detection of the Target
      1. Terrain Masking and Meteorological Conditions
      2. Aircraft Recognition Characteristics
   9. Visual Acuity
      1. Search Sector
      2. Horizontal Scanning
      3. Vertical Scanning
      4. Nonsystematic Search Methods
      5. Scanning Tips
      6. Where to Search
      7. Aircraft Interrogation Techniques
      8. Aircraft Identification
   10. Engagement Process
       1. Decision
       2. Techniques of Fire
       3. Methods of Engagement
       4. Engagement Sequence
   11. Rules of Engagement
       1. Right of Self-Defense
       2. Target Identification Criteria
       3. Weapon Control Status
   12. Air Defense Warning Conditions
   13. Air Defense States of Alert
   14. Fire Control Orders
   15. Ingress, Egress, and Return to Force Control Procedures
   16. Base Defense Zone Procedures
   17. Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Operations
4. Training
5. Support Equipment